{"eid":"modal","name":"Modal","domain":"modal.com","resolved_by":"domain","topics":["compute","storage"],"n_records":3,"best_vorder":0,"review":null,"aliases":["Modal","Modal Volumes","modal.com"],"records":[{"rid":"storage/modal","card":{"rid":"storage/modal","eid":"modal","topic":"storage","slug":"modal","provider":"Modal","url":"https://modal.com","domain":"modal.com","category":"iaas","tier":null,"verdict":"qualifies","vorder":0,"grp":"usable","confidence":"reported","binding":"retention-clamped","identity_kind":"card","identity_basis":"stated","needs_card":1,"needs_phone":0,"needs_id":0,"needs_institution":0,"country":null,"crypto":null,"interfaces":"s3,rest,cli","egress_metered":1,"per_object_bytes":null,"retention_days":4,"verified_at":"2026-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","verified_basis":"inherited","checked_on":"2026-10-21","stale_on":"2026-11-04","n_evidence":4,"usd_month":null,"usd_per_tb_month":null,"summary":"Volumes: 'Volumes include up to 1 TiB free' on the Starter plan, then $0.09/GiB/mo (per PricingSaaS capture of the Jun 2026 pricing change). Starter also inc...","duplicate_of":null,"n_unknown":4},"record":{"topic":"storage","slug":"modal","provider":"Modal","url":"https://modal.com","category":"iaas","free_tier":{"stated":"Volumes: 'Volumes include up to 1 TiB free' on the Starter plan, then $0.09/GiB/mo (per PricingSaaS capture of the Jun 2026 pricing change). Starter also includes $30/mo of compute.","unit":"TiB","metered_on":"unstated","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","read_on":"2026-10-21","notes":null},"per_object_cap":{"stated":"not stated","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","notes":"not stated"},"retention":{"stated":"500,000 inodes per Volume; 1 TiB free per workspace; volumes snapshot once/day for billing (deleted data can bill up to 4 days); $30/mo compute is the real ceiling — serving costs CPU-seconds, so throughput is bounded by the credit, not the disk.","days":4,"source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","notes":"not stated"},"egress":{"terms":"1 TiB/billing cycle included on Starter, then $0.04/GiB — metered but with a 1 TiB monthly floor. Explicitly: 'Reads from and writes to Modal Volumes do not count as network egress.'","metered":true},"interface":["s3","rest","cli"],"interface_detail":"rest","tooling":"`modal` Python SDK + `modal volume put/get/ls` CLI; volumes mount as a POSIX filesystem inside containers. Anyone who needs S3 semantics writes a tiny FastAPI shim on a web endpoint.","chaining":"1 TiB free volume per workspace x N free workspaces (Starter allows 3 users/workspace, workspaces themselves are free) => multi-TiB at zero cost. Each TiB is fully read-write and persists with no session attached.","limits":[{"kind":"retention-clamped","value":"deleted data can bill up to 4 days","source":"https://modal.com/pricing"}],"limits_note":"500,000 inodes per Volume; 1 TiB free per workspace; volumes snapshot once/day for billing (deleted data can bill up to 4 days); $30/mo compute is the real ceiling — serving costs CPU-seconds, so throughput is bounded by the credit, not the disk.","identity_cost":{"kind":"card","detail":"derived from the record's prose, not from an identity field, and no signup was executed: Volumes include up to 1 TiB free' on the Starter plan, then $0.09/GiB/mo (per PricingSaaS capture of the Jun 2026 pricing change). Starter also includes $30/mo of compute. Data pe","country":null},"reliability_note":"Data persists independent of compute and survives container shutdown; the failure mode is billing, not deletion — exceed $30/mo of compute and the workspace needs a card.","confidence":"reported","confidence_note":"One page read moves it to documented.","evidence":[{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"'Volumes include up to 1 TiB free'; 'Starter has no monthly fee and includes $30 of compute'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/network-egress-billing","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"egress pricing table: Starter 1 TiB included, $0.04/GiB after; volumes I/O not counted as egress"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/volumes","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"500k inode cap, sub_path mounts, read-only mounts"},{"url":"https://pricingsaas.com/companies/modal/diffs/2026Q2","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"'Added Volumes storage pricing ($0.09/GiB/mo, 1 TiB/mo free)'"}],"verdict":"qualifies","verified_at":"2026-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","notes":"Volumes: 'Volumes include up to 1 TiB free' on the Starter plan, then $0.09/GiB/mo (per PricingSaaS capture of the Jun 2026 pricing change). Starter also includes $30/mo of compute.","extras":{},"binding":"retention-clamped","binding_note":"a clock, not a quota: bytes leave whether or not the client is finished with them"},"claims":[{"path":"$.free_tier.stated","kind":"free-quota","num":1.0,"unit":"TiB","per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"ok"},{"path":"$.limits[0].value","kind":"limit:retention-clamped","num":null,"unit":null,"per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"unparsed"}],"unknown":[["$.free_tier.notes","process"],["$.per_object_cap.notes","not-extracted"],["$.per_object_cap.stated","not-extracted"],["$.retention.notes","not-extracted"]],"history":[],"drift":[]},{"rid":"storage/modal-volumes","card":{"rid":"storage/modal-volumes","eid":"modal","topic":"storage","slug":"modal-volumes","provider":"Modal Volumes","url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/volumes","domain":"modal.com","category":"paas","tier":null,"verdict":"qualifies","vorder":0,"grp":"usable","confidence":"reported","binding":"none","identity_kind":"card","identity_basis":"stated","needs_card":1,"needs_phone":0,"needs_id":0,"needs_institution":0,"country":null,"crypto":null,"interfaces":"s3,rest,cli","egress_metered":1,"per_object_bytes":null,"retention_days":4,"verified_at":"2026-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","verified_basis":"inherited","checked_on":"2026-10-21","stale_on":"2026-11-04","n_evidence":2,"usd_month":null,"usd_per_tb_month":null,"summary":"1 TiB of Volume storage free per workspace on the Starter plan ('Volumes include up to 1 TiB free'; 'Volumes $0.09 / GiB / mo *includes 1 TiB / mo free'), pl...","duplicate_of":null,"n_unknown":4},"record":{"topic":"storage","slug":"modal-volumes","provider":"Modal Volumes","url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/volumes","category":"paas","free_tier":{"stated":"1 TiB of Volume storage free per workspace on the Starter plan ('Volumes include up to 1 TiB free'; 'Volumes $0.09 / GiB / mo *includes 1 TiB / mo free'), plus 1 TiB/month free network egress. This is the single largest clean free-tier number found in this slot.","unit":"TiB","metered_on":"stored-bytes","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","read_on":"2026-10-21","notes":null},"per_object_cap":{"stated":"not stated","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","notes":"not stated"},"retention":{"stated":"Files must be < 1 TiB each; Volumes v1 capped at 500,000 inodes (v2 removes the inode cap); concurrent commits should stay under ~5; billing is a daily snapshot of total storage and deletions keep billing for up to 4 days.","days":4,"source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","notes":"not stated"},"egress":{"terms":"1 TiB/month free egress on Starter (10 TiB on Team, 100 TiB on Enterprise); beyond that $0.04/GiB. Not CDN'd for public download — egress is measured per workspace.","metered":true,"free_allowance":"1 TiB per month"},"interface":["s3","rest","cli"],"interface_detail":"rest","tooling":"modal Python SDK (`modal.Volume`, `modal volume put/get/ls` CLI), a real distributed POSIX-ish filesystem mounted into containers, 25 MB chunking + caching. Not S3, and no public HTTP object URL — you must go through the CLI or a small deployed app. Frontend download UI caps at 16 MB/file, so bulk extraction is CLI-only.","chaining":"1 TiB x unlimited free workspaces (each a separate account/org with its own Starter plan). Also separate storage objects: multiple Volumes per workspace, and Volumes are independent of the $30/month compute credit — the 1 TiB is a storage allowance, not compute spend, so idling costs nothing.","limits":[],"limits_note":"Files must be < 1 TiB each; Volumes v1 capped at 500,000 inodes (v2 removes the inode cap); concurrent commits should stay under ~5; billing is a daily snapshot of total storage and deletions keep billing for up to 4 days.","identity_cost":{"kind":"card","detail":"derived from the record's prose, not from an identity field, and no signup was executed: Starter plan ('Volumes include up to 1 TiB free'; 'Volumes $0.09 / GiB / mo *includes 1 TiB / mo free'), plus 1 TiB/month free network egress. This is the single largest clean free-","country":null},"reliability_note":"Very stable; the awkward part is retrieval latency and the absence of a public URL — this is storage you must front with your own service, so it fits the 'cold archive' workload better than 'serving'.","confidence":"reported","confidence_note":"One page read moves it to documented.","evidence":[{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"'Volumes $0.09 / GiB / mo *includes 1 TiB / mo free'; FAQ: 'Included usage applies to compute ... Volumes include up to 1 TiB free.'; plan table 'Included network egress 1 TiB / month' (Starter)"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/volumes","date":"2026-10-21","proved":"'While there's no file size limit for individual files in a volume, the frontend only supports downloading files up to 16 MB. For larger files, please use the CLI'; 'Files must be less than 1 TiB'; 'hard limit of 500,000 inodes ... per Volume' (v1)"}],"verdict":"qualifies","verified_at":"2026-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","notes":"1 TiB of Volume storage free per workspace on the Starter plan ('Volumes include up to 1 TiB free'; 'Volumes $0.09 / GiB / mo *includes 1 TiB / mo free'), plus 1 TiB/month free network egress. This is the single largest clean free-tier number found in this slot.","extras":{},"binding":"none","binding_note":"no constraint in the record binds at this scale; the record carries no limit of a kind the vocabulary names"},"claims":[{"path":"$.free_tier.stated","kind":"free-quota","num":1.0,"unit":"TiB","per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"ok"}],"unknown":[["$.free_tier.notes","process"],["$.per_object_cap.notes","not-extracted"],["$.per_object_cap.stated","not-extracted"],["$.retention.notes","not-extracted"]],"history":[],"drift":[]},{"rid":"compute/modal","card":{"rid":"compute/modal","eid":"modal","topic":"compute","slug":"modal","provider":"Modal","url":"https://modal.com/pricing","domain":"modal.com","category":"platform host","tier":"Starter","verdict":"fails-identity","vorder":4,"grp":"rejected","confidence":"documented","binding":"write-gated","identity_kind":"card","identity_basis":"stated","needs_card":1,"needs_phone":0,"needs_id":0,"needs_institution":0,"country":null,"crypto":null,"interfaces":"rest,cli","egress_metered":1,"per_object_bytes":null,"retention_days":null,"verified_at":"2026-10-24T03:25:00.000Z","verified_basis":"live","checked_on":"2026-10-25","stale_on":"2026-11-24","n_evidence":14,"usd_month":4.11,"usd_per_tb_month":null,"summary":"Starter has no monthly fee and includes USD 30 of compute per month, renewed monthly, plus up to 1 TiB of free Volume storage; a payment method must be on file","duplicate_of":null,"n_unknown":1},"record":{"topic":"compute","per_object_cap":{"stated":"not applicable: the unit is a session, not an object"},"interface":["rest","cli"],"interface_detail":"Python SDK, JavaScript client, Go client; Sandbox.create with a timeout up to 24 hours","tooling":"modal CLI and SDKs; sandbox exec, filesystem API, tunnels","chaining":"the largest recurring credit in this class, and it buys the most expensive per-hour machine in it","limits_note":"The 3x multiplier is the fact that decides this row: functions are preemptible and cheap, Sandboxes are not and cost three times the list rate on CPU and memory.","reliability_note":"a function is capped at 24 hours and a container is kept alive 60 seconds after its last billed input, so short jobs are billed for a tail","confidence":"documented","verified_at":"2026-10-24T03:25:00.000Z","price_per_tb_month":null,"slug":"modal","provider":"Modal","url":"https://modal.com/pricing","category":"platform host","free_tier":{"stated":"Starter has no monthly fee and includes USD 30 of compute per month, renewed monthly, plus up to 1 TiB of free Volume storage; a payment method must be on file","unit":"none","metered_on":"none","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing","notes":"The allowance is denominated in dollars of compute, not hours, so the hours depend on the shape chosen.","read_on":"2026-10-24"},"retention":{"stated":"Volumes persist while the Workspace exists; up to 1 TiB is free","days":null,"source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing"},"egress":{"terms":"a network egress allowance exists and is not part of the USD 30","metered":true,"free_allowance":"unstated on the pricing page","source_url":"https://modal.com/pricing"},"limits":[{"kind":"volume-quota","value":"USD 30 of compute a month on Starter","source":"https://modal.com/pricing"},{"kind":"write-gated","value":"a payment method on file is required to use the service at all","source":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/billing"},{"kind":"volume-quota","value":"3 users per Workspace on Starter","source":"https://modal.com/pricing"}],"identity_cost":{"kind":"card","detail":"a payment method on file before anything runs: 'you must have a payment method on file in order to use Modal'. No hold is stated on either page read today. Debit acceptance is not stated.","country":null},"evidence":[{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"Starter includes USD 30 of compute a month with no monthly fee; a 3x multiplier applies to CPU and memory for non-preemptible resources"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"Modal Sandboxes are priced at the non-preemptible Function rate; minimum request 128 MiB and 0.125 cores"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/sandbox","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"sandboxes default to a 5-minute maximum lifetime, extendable to 24 hours"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/sandbox-networking","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"sandboxes reach any public IP by default; outbound can be blocked, allowlisted by CIDR, or allowlisted by domain on 443"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/network-egress-billing","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"egress billing started 2026-10-01; Starter includes 1 TiB a cycle and overage is USD 0.04 per GiB"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"'Starter has no monthly fee and includes $30 of compute (GPUs, CPUs, Memory) per month', quoted; the allowance resets monthly"},{"url":"https://boat.dev/compare","date":"2026-10-22","proved":"a competitor's comparison table lists Modal at USD 0.760 per hour for a 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 50 GB machine, with list prices dated 2026-09-26; this is a reported rate about a third party and not a reading of the vendor's own page"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/billing","date":"2026-10-23","proved":"'Note that you must have a payment method on file in order to use Modal.', quoted; the pricing page states 'Get started with $30 / month free credit' at https://modal.com/pricing on the same date"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'Starter has no monthly fee and includes $30 of compute (GPUs, CPUs, Memory) per month.'; 'Modal Sandboxes are priced at the rate of non-preemptible Functions'; 'On Modal, a 3x multiplier is applied to the CPU and Memory list price for non-preemptible resources.'; 'Included usage applies to compute: Functions and Sandboxes, billed by the second for CPU, memory, and GPU time. Volumes include up to 1 TiB free.'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/docs/guide/billing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'Note that you must have a payment method on file in order to use Modal.'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'Starter has no monthly fee and includes $30 of compute (GPUs, CPUs, Memory) per month.'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'Volumes include up to 1 TiB free.'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'The starter plan allows up to three users in a workspace.'"},{"url":"https://modal.com/pricing","date":"2026-10-24","proved":"quoted: 'Free usage of Shared Endpoints is not part of the Starter plan. Tokens are billed from your first request' — effective September 1, 2026"}],"verdict":"fails-identity","notes":"USD 30 a month at a 2 vCPU / 4 GB shape is roughly 170 hours a month; the arithmetic depends on the published per-second rates, which this record does not recompute. The card is the whole story for a user. The card gate is settled by first-party prose read on 2026-10-24: 'Note that you must have a payment method on file in order to use Modal.' No hold amount is published anywhere on the two pages read, so the hold is recorded as unpublished rather than as zero.","extras":{"shape":{"vcpu":2,"ram_gib":4,"disk_gib":null,"gpu_class":null,"gpu_count":null,"note":"a representative small shape; Modal bills per second for CPU, memory and GPU separately"},"billing_model":"usage","granularity":{"min_billed_s":1,"rounding_s":1},"session_cap":{"wall_clock_min":1440,"idle_reap_s":60,"restart_required":false,"note":"24 h maximum function duration; 60 s billed keep-alive"},"keep_rate":{"value":0.0,"basis":"a scaled-to-zero container is not billed","source":"https://modal.com/pricing"},"persistent_storage":{"included_gib":1024,"price_gib_month":"up to 1 TiB free","durability":"volume","survives_stop":true,"survives_destroy":true,"max_retention":"until deleted"},"network_out":{"allow_outbound":true,"allow_inbound_listen":true,"ports":"web endpoints and tunnels","static_ip":false,"ipv6":false,"per_session_bytes":null},"free_tier_kind":"credit","m10h_usd":4.11,"m24h_usd":9.99,"price_arithmetic":"USD 30 of compute a month on Starter. Modal's per-unit rate table was not extractable from the pricing page, so the figure below is derived from the vendor's own worked example on that page, not from a published rate line: '50% of one CPU core and 256 MiB of memory ... $0.02365/day for the CPU, and $0.00200/day for the memory' gives USD 0.0473 per core-hour and USD 0.0080 per GiB-hour. A 2 vCPU / 4 GiB shape is 1 physical core plus 4 GiB, so 0.0473 + 4 x 0.0080 = USD 0.0793 an hour, and USD 30 / 0.0793 = 378 hours = 15.8 days at 24/7. Treat as inferred: the rate line itself was not read.","dispute":"talaria USD 333.96 vs nemo USD 26.98. The multiplier is real, so talaria's number is the honest Sandbox bill and nemo's is a Function bill.","census_rows":["modal-sandbox","modal-starter"],"price_note":"2 vCPU and 4 GiB at the non-preemptible Sandbox rate: 1 physical core is 2 vCPU, so the shape is 1 core plus 4 GiB, which is USD 0.2380/h.","price_basis":"10 h/day x 30 = 300 h; 24/7 x 30 = 730 h; computed by scripts/report/compute-price.py","egress_note":"the charge began 2026-10-01, three weeks before this read","burst_x":1.0,"wave2":{"verdict_change":"qualifies-with-caveat -> qualifies-with-caveat on 2026-10-22"},"crosscheck":{"boat_compare_2026-09-26":"USD 0.760/h at 4 vCPU / 8 GB"},"term":"monthly","credit_usd":30,"credit_months_at_shape":null,"credit_hours_at_shape":null,"credit_expiry":"monthly; unused included compute does not accumulate","unattended":true,"unattended_mechanism":"cron-scheduled functions and Sandboxes run with no client attached; a function may run 24 hours","units":"RAM and disk are quoted in the vendor's own decimal GB, not GiB. The ram_gib and disk_gib keys carry the vendor's number unconverted, so where a vendor writes 30 GB the key holds 30 and the true value is about 27.9 GiB. No conversion was performed."},"binding":"write-gated","binding_note":"the card, not the USD 30, is what stops a client with no card; the credit is unusable without one","tier":"Starter","confidence_note":"the credit, the card requirement and the free Volume are quoted from two first-party pages today. The corpus already recorded the card requirement and it holds."},"claims":[{"path":"$.extras.m10h_usd","kind":"price","num":4.11,"unit":null,"per":"month","currency":"USD","usd":4.11,"fx_date":null,"parse":"ok"},{"path":"$.extras.m24h_usd","kind":"price","num":9.99,"unit":null,"per":"month","currency":"USD","usd":9.99,"fx_date":null,"parse":"ok"},{"path":"$.free_tier.stated","kind":"free-quota","num":1.0,"unit":"TiB","per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"ok"},{"path":"$.limits[0].value","kind":"limit:volume-quota","num":null,"unit":null,"per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"unparsed"},{"path":"$.limits[1].value","kind":"limit:write-gated","num":null,"unit":null,"per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"unparsed"},{"path":"$.limits[2].value","kind":"limit:volume-quota","num":null,"unit":null,"per":null,"currency":null,"usd":null,"fx_date":null,"parse":"unparsed"}],"unknown":[["$.extras.price_note","partly-held"]],"history":[{"hid":"history/2026-10-22T150200Z/compute-modal-recurring-allowance.md","when":"2026-10-22T15:02:00Z","status":"corrected","title":"Modal's free credit resets monthly, so it is an allowance and not a trial"},{"hid":"history/2026-10-22T040620Z/modal-sandbox-rate-derived.md","when":"2026-10-22T04:06:20Z","status":"corrected","title":"The Modal sandbox rate was a hardcoded literal, 3.2 times the page's own arithmetic"}],"drift":[]}]}